Dumping occurs when a foreign producer or exporter sells a product in the United States at a price that is below “normal value.” Normal value may be the price at which the foreign producer sells the merchandise in its own domestic market or a third-country market, or may be a constructed value based on its production costs plus an amount for profit. A separate surrogate-value based methodology is used to establish normal values for non-market economies. This entails valuing the non-market economy producer’s factors of production using prices or costs from one or more surrogate market economy countries considered to be (1) at a level of economic development comparable to that of the non-market economy country of the producer and (2) a significant producer of comparable merchandise.